PYTHON PROGRAMMING - LAB EXERCISES (23UCSCCP01)

PYTHON PROGRAMMING LAB 

  

Ex.No: 01	Program using variables, constants, I/O statements in Python
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program using variables, constants, input, and output statements.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Define a constant PI

3. Get the radius of the circle

4. Calculate the area using the formula:

            area = PI *radius * radius

5. Display the calculated area value

6. End the program

 

 

#Program using variables, constants, I/O statements in Python

 

# Constant: Pi value (usually written in uppercase)

PI = 3.14159

 

# Input: Read radius from user

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle (in meters): "))

 

# Variable: Calculate area using formula area = PI * radius^2

area = PI * radius * radius

 

# Output: Display the result

print("The area of the circle with radius", radius, "meters is:", area, "square meters")

 

 

 

Output:

 

Enter the radius of the circle (in meters): 2.5

The area of the circle with radius 2.5 meters is: 19.6349375 square meters

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

 

Ex.No: 02	Program using Operators in Python
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that performs arithmetic, relational, and logical operations on two numbers and displays the results.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Read the first number (num1)

3. Read the second number (num2)

4. Perform arithmetic operations:

            Addition: num1 + num2

            Subtraction: num1 - num2

            Multiplication: num1  * num2

            Division: num1 / num2

5. Perform relational operation:

            Check if the two numbers are equal: (num1 == num2)

6. Perform logical operation:

            Check if both numbers are positive: (num1 > 0) and (num2 > 0)

7. Display the results of all operations

8. End the program

 

# Program using Operators in Python.

# Input two numbers from user

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

 

# Arithmetic Operations

add = num1 + num2

sub = num1 - num2

mul = num1 * num2

div = num1 / num2

 

# Relational Operation

is_equal = (num1 == num2)

 

# Logical Operation

is_positive = (num1 > 0) and (num2 > 0)

 

# Output the results

print("Addition:", add)

print("Subtraction:", sub)

print("Multiplication:", mul)

print("Division:", div)

print("Are both numbers equal?", is_equal)

print("Are both numbers positive?", is_ positive)

 

 

Output:

 

Enter first number: 5.2

Enter second number: 3.3

Addition: 8.5

Subtraction: 1.9000000000000004

Multiplication: 17.16

Division: 1.575757575757576

Are both numbers equal? False

Are both numbers positive? True

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

 

 

Ex.No: 03	Program using Conditional Statements
Date:

 

 

Aim:

To write a Python program that checks whether the number is positive, negative, or zero using conditional statements.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Read the number (num) from the user

3. Use conditional statements to check:

    If the num > 0, print "The number is positive."

    Else if the num < 0, print "The number is negative."

    Else, print "The number is zero."

4. End the program

 

 

# Program using Conditional Statements.

 

# Program to check whether a number is positive, negative, or zero

 

# Input: Read number from user

num= int(input("Enter a number: "))

 

# Conditional Statements

if num  > 0:

    print("The number is positive.")

elif num < 0:

    print("The number is negative.")

else:

    print("The number is zero.")

 

Output:

 

Enter a number: 7

The number is positive.

 

Enter a number: 0

The number is zero.

 

Enter a number: -7

The number is negative.

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 04	Program using Loops
Date:

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that calculates the sum and average of n numbers using a loop.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Read the value of n

3. Initialize sum as 0

4. for loop from 1 to n:

            read a number from the user

             Add the number to sum.

5. Calculate :    average = sum / n

6. Display the sum and average

7. End the program

 

 

# Program using Loops.

 

# Program to calculate sum and average of n numbers using a loop

 

n = int(input("Enter how many numbers you want to add: "))

sum = 0

 

for i in range(n):

    number = float(input(f"Enter number {i+1}: "))

    sum += number

 

average = sum / n

 

print("Sum of the numbers is:", sum)

print("Average of the numbers is:", average)

 

 

Output:

 

Enter how many numbers you want to add: 5

Enter number 1: 10

Enter number 2: 20

Enter number 3: 30

Enter number 4: 40

Enter number 5: 50

Sum of the numbers is: 150.0

Average of the numbers is: 30.0

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 05	Program using Jump Statements
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that prints numbers from 1 to 10 but skips number 5 using continue and stops the loop completely if the number becomes 8 using break.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.

2. for loop to iterate numbers from 1 to 10.

3. In each iteration:

            If the number is 5, use continue to skip printing number 5.

            If the number is 8, use break to exit the loop completely.

            Otherwise, print the number.

4. End the program.

 

 

# Program using Jump Statements (break and continue)

 

for i in range(1, 11):

    if i == 5:

        continue  # Skip number 5

    if i == 8:

        break     # Stop the loop when i is 8

    print(i)

 

Output:

 

1

2

3

4

6

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

Ex.No: 06	Program using Functions
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that uses a function to calculate the factorial of a number .

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Define a function factorial(n):

    Initialize fact = 1.

    Use a loop from 1 to n to multiply fact by each number

    Return the value  of fact

 

3. Get a number (n) from the user

4. Call the function factorial(n)

5. Print the result (fact).

6. End the program

 

 

# Function to calculate factorial

 

def factorial(n):

    fact = 1

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        fact *= i

    return fact

 

# Main program

 

num = int(input("Enter a number to find its factorial: "))

result = factorial(num)

 

print(f"The factorial of {num} is: {result}")

 

 

Output:

 

Enter a number to find its factorial: 5

The factorial of 5 is: 120

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 07	Program using Recursion
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that calculates the factorial of a number using recursion.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program

2. Define a recursive function factorial(n):

    Base case:    If n == 0 or n == 1, return 1.

    Recursive case:         Return  n*factorial(n - 1)

3. Read an integer number from the user

4. Call the recursive function factorial(n)

5. Print the result (factorial of the number)

6. End the program

 

 

# Recursive function to calculate factorial

 

def factorial(n):

    if n == 0 or n == 1:

        return 1

    else:

        return n * factorial(n - 1)

 

# Main program

 

num = int(input("Enter a number to find its factorial using recursion: "))

result = factorial(num)

 

print(f"The factorial of {num} is: {result}")

 

Output:

 

Enter a number to find its factorial using recursion: 5

The factorial of 5 is: 120

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

Ex.No: 08	Program using Arrays (Lists)
Date:

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that stores n numbers in an array and finds the sum and average of those numbers.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.

2. Create an empty list numbers = [].

3. Read the value of n

4. for loop from 1 to n:

            Get a number

            Append the number to the numbers list.

5. Calculate the sum using the built-in sum() function.

6. Calculate the average as sum / n.

7. Display the array, sum, and average.

8. End the program.

 

 

# Program to store n numbers in an array and calculate sum and average

 

# Step 1: Create an empty list

numbers = []

 

# Step 2: Input how many numbers to store

n = int(input("Enter the number of elements: "))

 

# Step 3: Read numbers from user and store in the array

for i in range(n):

    num = float(input(f"Enter number {i + 1}: "))

    numbers.append(num)

 

# Step 4: Calculate sum and average

total = sum(numbers)

average = total / n

 

# Step 5: Display results

print("\nArray of numbers:", numbers)

print("Sum of numbers:", total)

print("Average of numbers:", average)

 

 

 

Output:

 

Enter the number of elements: 4

Enter number 1: 10

Enter number 2: 20

Enter number 3: 30

Enter number 4: 40

 

Array of numbers: [10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0]

Sum of numbers: 100.0

Average of numbers: 25.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

Ex.No: 09	Python Program using Strings
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that takes a string input from the user and performs the following string operations.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.

2. Read a string input from the user.

3. Calculate and display the length of the string using len().

4. Convert and display the string in uppercase using .upper().

5. Reverse and display the string using slicing ([::-1]).

6. Initialize a vowel counter to 0.

7. Loop through each character of the string:

    If the character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), increment the counter.

8. Display the total number of vowels.

9. End the program.

 

 

# Program to perform string operations

 

# Step 1: Read string from user

text = input("Enter a string: ")

 

# Step 2: Length of string

len = len(text)

 

# Step 3: Convert to uppercase

caps = text.upper()

 

# Step 4: Reverse the string

rev = text[::-1]

 

# Step 5: Count vowels

vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'

vc = 0

 

for char in text:

    if char in vowels:

        vc += 1

 

# Step 6: Display results

print("\nLength of the string:", len)

print("Uppercase string:", caps)

print("Reversed string:", rev)

print("Number of vowels:", vc)

 

 

 

 

Output:

 

Enter a string: tamilnadu

 

Length of the string: 9

Uppercase string: TAMILNADU

Reversed string: udanlimat

Number of vowels: 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

Ex.No: 10	Program using Modules
Date:

 

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that uses the built-in math module to calculate and display the square root, power, and factorial of a number.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.

2. Import the math module.

3. Read a number from the user.

4. Calculate the square root using math.sqrt().

5. Calculate the power of 2 using math.pow().

6. Calculate the factorial using math.factorial().

7. Display the results.

8. End the program.

 

 

# Program demonstrating the use of math module

 

import math

 

# Step 1: Input number from user

num = int(input("Enter a positive integer: "))

 

# Step 2: Calculate square root

squ = math.sqrt(num)

 

# Step 3: Calculate power (num^2)                        

power = math.pow(num, 2)

 

# Step 4: Calculate factorial

fact = math.factorial(num)

 

# Step 5: Display results

print(f"\nSquare root of {num} is: {squ }")

print(f"{num} raised to power 2 is: {power}")

print(f"Factorial of {num} is: {fact}")

 

Output:

 

Enter a positive integer: 9

Square root of 9 is: 3.0

9 raised to power 2 is: 81.0

Factorial of 9 is: 362880

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 11	Program Using Lists
Date:

 

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that demonstrates creation, accessing, and manipulation of lists.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.
2. Create a list containing fruit names.
3. Display the list elements.
4. Access individual elements using indexes.
5. Add a new element to the list.
6. Remove an element from the list.
7. Update an element in the list.
8. Display the modified list.
9. End the program.

 

 

# Creating a list

 

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"]

 

# Display the list

print("Fruits list:", fruits)

 

# Accessing elements

print("First fruit:", fruits[0])

print("Last fruit:", fruits[-1])

 

# Adding a new fruit

fruits.append("grape")

print("\nAfter adding 'grape':", fruits)

 

# Removing a fruit

fruits.remove("banana")

print("After removing 'banana':", fruits)

 

# Updating an element

fruits[1] = "mango"

print("After updating second element to 'mango':", fruits)

 

# Display all elements using loop

print("\nList of fruits:")

for fruit in fruits:

print(fruit)

 

 

 

Output:

 

Fruits list: ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']

First fruit: apple

Last fruit: orange

 

After adding 'grape': ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange', 'grape']

After removing 'banana': ['apple', 'cherry', 'orange', 'grape']

After updating second element to 'mango': ['apple', 'mango', 'orange', 'grape']

 

List of fruits:

apple

mango

orange

grape

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

 

Ex.No: 12	Program Using Tuples
Date:

 

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that demonstrates the creation, accessing, and manipulation of tuples.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.
2. Create a tuple containing fruit names.
3. Display the elements of the tuple.
4. Access individual elements using indexes.
5. Find the length of the tuple.
6. Use a loop to print all elements of the tuple.
7. Check if a specific element exists in the tuple.
8. End the program.

 

 

# Creating a tuple

 

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange")

 

# Display the tuple

print("Fruits tuple:", fruits)

 

# Accessing elements

print("First fruit:", fruits[0])

print("Last fruit:", fruits[-1])

 

# Tuple length

print("Number of fruits:", len(fruits))

 

# Iterating through tuple

print("\nList of fruits:")

for fruit in fruits:

print(fruit)

 

# Checking membership

if "banana" in fruits:

print("\nYes, 'banana' is in the fruits tuple!")

 

 

Output:

 

Fruits tuple: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange')

First fruit: apple

Last fruit: orange

Number of fruits: 4

 

List of fruits:

apple

banana

cherry

orange

 

Yes, 'banana' is in the fruits tuple!

 

Combined tuple: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange', 'grape', 'mango')

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 13	Program Using Dictionaries
Date:

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that demonstrates the creation, accessing, updating, and manipulation of dictionaries.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.
2. Create a dictionary containing key-value pairs of student details.
3. Display the dictionary.
4. Access values using keys.
5. Add a new key-value pair to the dictionary.
6. Update an existing value.
7. Remove a key-value pair.
8. Display all keys and values using a loop.
9. End the program.

 

 

# Creating a dictionary

student = {

    "name": "Tharun",

    "age": 12,

    "class": "6th Blue",

    "school": "Spectrum Life School"

}

 

# Display the dictionary

print("Student Dictionary:", student)

 

# Accessing values

print("Name:", student["name"])

print("Class:", student["class"])

 

# Adding a new key-value pair

student["grade"] = "A"

print("\nAfter adding grade:", student)

 

# Updating an existing value

student["age"] = 13

print("After updating age:", student)

 

# Removing a key-value pair

student.pop("class")

print("After removing class:", student)

 

# Display all keys and values

print("\nStudent Details:")

for key, value in student.items():

print(key, ":", value)

 

Output:

 

Student Dictionary: {'name': 'Tharun', 'age': 12, 'class': '6th Blue', 'school': 'Spectrum Life School'}

Name: Tharun

Class: 6th Blue

 

After adding grade: {'name': 'Tharun', 'age': 12, 'class': '6th Blue', 'school': 'Spectrum Life School', 'grade': 'A'}

After updating age: {'name': 'Tharun', 'age': 13, 'class': '6th Blue', 'school': 'Spectrum Life School', 'grade': 'A'}

After removing class: {'name': 'Tharun', 'age': 13, 'school': 'Spectrum Life School', 'grade': 'A'}

 

Student Details:

name :Tharun

age : 13

school : Spectrum Life School

grade : A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.

 

Ex.No: 14	Program for File Handling
Date:

 

Aim:

 

To write a Python program that demonstrates file handling operations such as writing to and reading from a text file.

 

 

Algorithm:

 

1. Start the program.
2. Open a text file in write mode.
3. Write some data into the file.
4. Close the file after writing.
5. Open the same file in read mode.
6. Read the contents of the file.
7. Display the file contents.
8. Close the file.
9. End the program.

 

 

# Writing data to a file

 

file = open("sample.txt", "w")

file.write("Welcome to Python File Handling!\n")

file.write("This file demonstrates writing and reading operations.\n")

file.close()

 

# Reading data from the file

file = open("sample.txt", "r")

content = file.read()

print("File Contents:\n")

print(content)

file.close()

 

Output:

 

File Contents:

 

Welcome to Python File Handling!

This file demonstrates writing and reading operations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Result:

 

Thus, the program has been executed successfully and produces the expected output.