PYTHON PROGRAMMING - LAB EXERCISES (23UCSCCP01)

 

1. Program using variables, constants, I/O statements in Python

Aim:

To write a Python program using variables, constants, input, and output statements.

 

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Define a constant PI

3. Get the radius of the circle

4. Calculate the area using the formula:

                area = PI *radius * radius

5. Display the calculated area value

6. End the program

 

#Program using variables, constants, I/O statements in Python

 

# Constant: Pi value (usually written in uppercase)

PI = 3.14159

 

# Input: Read radius from user

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle (in meters): "))

 

# Variable: Calculate area using formula area = PI * radius^2

area = PI * radius * radius

 

# Output: Display the result

print("The area of the circle with radius", radius, "meters is:", area, "square meters")

 

2. Program using Operators in Python

Aim:

To write a Python program that performs arithmetic, relational, and logical operations on two numbers and displays the results.

 

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Read the first number (num1)

3. Read the second number (num2)

4. Perform arithmetic operations:

                Addition: num1 + num2

                Subtraction: num1 - num2

                Multiplication: num1  * num2

                Division: num1 / num2

5. Perform relational operation:

                Check if the two numbers are equal: (num1 == num2)

6. Perform logical operation:

                Check if both numbers are positive: (num1 > 0) and (num2 > 0)

7. Display the results of all operations

8. End the program

 

# Program using Operators in Python.

# Input two numbers from user

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

 

# Arithmetic Operations

add = num1 + num2

sub = num1 - num2

mul = num1 * num2

div = num1 / num2

 

# Relational Operation

is_equal = (num1 == num2)

 

# Logical Operation

is_positive = (num1 > 0) and (num2 > 0)

 

# Output the results

print("Addition:", add)

print("Subtraction:", sub)

print("Multiplication:", mul)

print("Division:", div)

print("Are both numbers equal?", is_equal)

print("Are both numbers positive?", is_ positive)

 

3. Program using Conditional Statements

Aim:

To write a Python program that checks whether the number is positive, negative, or zero using conditional statements.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Read the number (num) from the user

3. Use conditional statements to check:

    If the num > 0, print "The number is positive."

    Else if the num < 0, print "The number is negative."

    Else, print "The number is zero."

4. End the program

 

# Program using Conditional Statements.

# Program to check whether a number is positive, negative, or zero

 

# Input: Read number from user

num= int(input("Enter a number: "))

 

# Conditional Statements

if num > 0:

    print("The number is positive.")

elif num < 0:

    print("The number is negative.")

else:

    print("The number is zero.")

 

4. Program using Loops

Aim:

To write a Python program that calculates the sum and average of n numbers using a loop.

 

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Read the value of n

3. Initialize sum as 0

4. for loop from 1 to n:

                read a number from the user.

                 Add the number to sum.

5. Calculate :       average = sum / n

6. Display the sum and average

7. End the program

 

# Program using Loops.

# Program to calculate sum and average of n numbers using a loop

 

n = int(input("Enter how many numbers you want to add: "))

sum = 0

 

for i in range(n):

    number = float(input(f"Enter number {i+1}: "))

    sum += number

 

average = sum / n

 

print("Sum of the numbers is:", sum)

print("Average of the numbers is:", average)

 

5. Program using Jump Statements

 

Aim:

To write a Python program that prints numbers from 1 to 10 but skips number 5 using continue and stops the loop completely if the number becomes 8 using break.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program.

2. for loop to iterate numbers from 1 to 10.

3. In each iteration:

                If the number is 5, use continue to skip printing number 5.

                If the number is 8, use break to exit the loop completely.

                Otherwise, print the number.

4. End the program.

 

# Program using Jump Statements (break and continue)

 

for i in range(1, 11):

    if i == 5:

        continue  # Skip number 5

    if i == 8:

        break     # Stop the loop when i is 8

    print(i)

 

6. Program using Functions

Aim:

To write a Python program that uses a function to calculate the factorial of a number .

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Define a function factorial(n):

    Initialize fact = 1.

    Use a loop from 1 to n to multiply fact by each number

    Return the value  of fact

3. Get a number (n) from the user

4. Call the function factorial(n)

5. Print the result (fact).

6. End the program

 

# Function to calculate factorial

def factorial(n):

    fact = 1

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        fact *= i

    return fact

 

# Main program

num = int(input("Enter a number to find its factorial: "))

result = factorial(num)

 

print(f"The factorial of {num} is: {result}")

 

7. Program using Recursion

Aim:

To write a Python program that calculates the factorial of a number using recursion.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program

2. Define a recursive function factorial(n):

    Base case:       If n == 0 or n == 1, return 1.

    Recursive case:             Return  n*factorial(n - 1)

3. Read an integer number from the user

4. Call the recursive function factorial(n)

5. Print the result (factorial of the number)

6. End the program

 

# Recursive function to calculate factorial

def factorial(n):

    if n == 0 or n == 1:

        return 1

    else:

        return n * factorial(n - 1)

 

# Main program

num = int(input("Enter a number to find its factorial using recursion: "))

result = factorial(num)

 

print(f"The factorial of {num} is: {result}")

 

8. Program using Arrays (Lists)

 

Aim:

To write a Python program that stores n numbers in an array and finds the sum and average of those numbers.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program.

2. Create an empty list numbers = [].

3. Read the value of n

4. for loop from 1 to n:

                Get a number

                Append the number to the numbers list.

5. Calculate the sum using the built-in sum() function.

6. Calculate the average as sum / n.

7. Display the array, sum, and average.

8. End the program.

 

# Program to store n numbers in an array and calculate sum and average

 

# Step 1: Create an empty list

numbers = []

 

# Step 2: Input how many numbers to store

n = int(input("Enter the number of elements: "))

 

# Step 3: Read numbers from user and store in the array

for i in range(n):

    num = float(input(f"Enter number {i + 1}: "))

    numbers.append(num)

 

# Step 4: Calculate sum and average

total = sum(numbers)

average = total / n

 

# Step 5: Display results

print("\nArray of numbers:", numbers)

print("Sum of numbers:", total)

print("Average of numbers:", average)

 

9. Python Program using Strings

Aim:

To write a Python program that takes a string input from the user and performs the following string operations.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program.

2. Read a string input from the user.

3. Calculate and display the length of the string using len().

4. Convert and display the string in uppercase using .upper().

5. Reverse and display the string using slicing ([::-1]).

6. Initialize a vowel counter to 0.

7. Loop through each character of the string:

    If the character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), increment the counter.

8. Display the total number of vowels.

9. End the program.

 

# Program to perform string operations

 

# Step 1: Read string from user

text = input("Enter a string: ")

 

# Step 2: Length of string

len = len(text)

 

# Step 3: Convert to uppercase

caps = text.upper()

 

# Step 4: Reverse the string

rev = text[::-1]

 

# Step 5: Count vowels

vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'

vc = 0

 

for char in text:

    if char in vowels:

        vc += 1

 

# Step 6: Display results

print("\nLength of the string:", len)

print("Uppercase string:", caps)

print("Reversed string:", rev)

print("Number of vowels:", vc)

 

10. Program using Modules

Aim:

To write a Python program that uses the built-in math module to calculate and display the square root, power, and factorial of a number.

Algorithm:

1. Start the program.

2. Import the math module.

3. Read a number from the user.

4. Calculate the square root using math.sqrt().

5. Calculate the power of 2 using math.pow().

6. Calculate the factorial using math.factorial().

7. Display the results.

8. End the program.

 

# Program demonstrating the use of math module

 

import math

 

# Step 1: Input number from user

num = int(input("Enter a positive integer: "))

 

# Step 2: Calculate square root

squ = math.sqrt(num)

 

# Step 3: Calculate power (num^2)                                 

power = math.pow(num, 2)

 

# Step 4: Calculate factorial

fact = math.factorial(num)

 

# Step 5: Display results

print(f"\nSquare root of {num} is: {squ }")

print(f"{num} raised to power 2 is: {power}")

print(f"Factorial of {num} is: {factl}")

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